Troch’s research focuses on catchment hydrology, including in-situ data collection, field and laboratory experimentation, remote sensing, physically-based modeling and data assimilation. His research aims to address the following questions: i) what controls hydrological partitioning across scales, ii) what defines hydrological similarity across catchments; iii) how have catchments evolved in relation to climate and geology, and how will hydrologic response change in a changing environment. Applications of his research include improving mountain block recharge estimates in semi-arid environments, the role of ecosystems in catchment water balance, catchment classification in ungauged basins, predicting water availability at seasonal, annual and decadal time scales, and improving the physical basis of operational flash flood forecasting models.